THE RELEVANCE OF THE USE OF PATHOGENETIC AGENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS IN THE OREL REGION

DOI 10.33979/2026-1-6 EDN TSFWQE

Abstract

Aim. To establish the influence of pathogenetic agents used in the treatment of tuberculosis on the results of chemotherapy of drug-resistant forms of the disease and to determine the place in the complex treatment of tuberculosis patients in the Orel region.

 Materials and methods. The paper provides a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with resistant forms of tuberculosis who received treatment from 2022 to 2024. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed by the relief of respiratory symptoms, the disappearance of intoxication syndrome, the rate of cessation of bacterial excretion using the method of sputum microscopy with Zill-Nielsen staining and by the method of seeding on dense and liquid nutrient media with an assessment of the dynamics of indicators monthly up to 4 months, at 6 and 8 months of controlled chemotherapy.

Results. Complete relief of respiratory complaints was shown in the main group after 6 months of treatment, while in the comparison group the symptoms remained in 7 patients (43.8%). The study demonstrated the effect of pathogenetic therapy on the elimination of intoxication symptoms after 8 months of treatment in 100.0% of patients in the main group and only in 35.7% of patients in the comparison group. A significant effect was achieved by including tauractant  or human recombinant interferon gamma in the treatment regimen when analyzing the cessation of bacterial excretion: according to microscopy in the main group, 100.0% of patients achieved abacylation by the 6th month, according to culture - after 3 months, in the comparison group after 8 months of treatment, bacterial excretion by microscopy remained in 30.0% of patients, according to culture - in 20.0%. In the main group, by the 8th month of chemotherapy, the proportion of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis without destruction reached 42.9%, while in the comparison group the proportion of such patients did not exceed 11.1%.

Conclusion. The study showed a beneficial effect of including in the treatment regimen of patients with multiple, pre-extensive and extensive drug resistance the pathogenetic drugs tauractant  in the form of inhalations or human recombinant interferon gamma  in the form of a solution for intramuscular injections on the results of treatment of patients in the form of relief of respiratory complaints and intoxication syndrome, cessation of bacterial excretion by microscopy and by culture, closure of decay cavities.