MODERN FEATURES OF PNEUMONIA IN NEWBORNS AND CHILDREN IN THE FIRST MONTHS OF LIFE IN THE OREL REGION

Abstract

Aim. To study the Pertussis (whooping cough) incidence in children of the Orel region, and features of the disease course in newborns and infants during the first three months of life. Research objectives: analysis of the epidemiological situation of pertussis in the Orel region for the period from 2019 to 2023; assessment of the course of the disease in newborns and children aged the first three months; study of the immunization nature against pertussis in sick children.

Material and methods. analysis of statistical reports of the Office of Rospotrebnadzor on the pertussis incidence in children of the Orel region; analysis of statistical reports of infectious diseases departments of the Z.I. Krugloy NCMC in 2023 and patient histories of the infectious diseases department for newborns of the Z.I. Krugloy NCMC.

Results. It was found that a total of 58 cases of pertussis were registered in the region in 2023. The incidence rate is higher than the average for many years and amounted to 8.12 per 100,000 population. Among all the cases, the proportion of children was 87.9%, of which 72.6% were hospitalized. Patients of the first year of life prevailed, of which more than 1/3 were under the age of 3 months of life. There is a low percentage of immunization among children who are ill and who are subject to routine vaccination.

Conclusion. The clinical symptom complex of the disease retained classic features: frequent spastic paroxysmal cough with reprises, facial cyanosis, apnea. The disease occurred mainly in a moderate and mild form. In newborns, the severity of pertussis was determined by background adverse conditions. A clinical example of successful treatment of pertussis in a premature newborn baby is given.